Knowledge base - IBS - irritable bowel syndrome

Gluten-free life, bread rolls and butter

IBS - irritable bowel syndrome

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder typically characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits. There is no cure for IBS, but symptoms can often be alleviated through diet, lifestyle changes, and, if necessary, other treatments.

Both irritable bowel syndrome and celiac disease are common gastrointestinal disorders that can cause similar symptoms. However, it is important to distinguish between these two conditions, as their treatment and long-term prognosis differ significantly.

Distinguishing between IBS and celiac disease

When treating irritable bowel syndrome and celiac disease, it is essential to distinguish between these two conditions, which often share similar symptoms. Common symptoms of both celiac disease and IBS include abdominal pain, bloating, and various digestive problems. However, symptoms vary greatly from person to person, and it is recommended to see a doctor for a diagnosis.

The exact mechanism underlying IBS is not fully understood. Symptoms may be influenced by, among other things, intestinal sensitivity, bowel motility disorders, the gut microbiota, stress, and diet. For some people with IBS, foods high in FODMAP carbohydrates may worsen symptoms. In IBS, there is no gluten-related autoimmune reaction typical of celiac disease, nor is there any structural damage to the intestines. The diagnosis of IBS is based on a typical symptom profile and, if necessary, the exclusion of other diseases.

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder, and testing for it typically begins with measuring celiac antibodies in the blood. In celiac disease, gluten triggers an autoimmune reaction in the body that can damage the lining of the small intestine.

The Effects of Irritable Bowel Syndrome on Everyday Life

IBS is a common condition that affects at least about 10% of Finns. IBS is more common in women than in men.

Symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, and constipation can limit physical activity, travel, and social events.  An article in the Health Library notes that the severity of symptoms ranges from mild to very severe, with symptoms that significantly impair quality of life. Prolonged or severe symptoms can take a toll on daily life and reduce quality of life. IBS may also be associated with psychological stress.

The impact of IBS on daily life varies from person to person. Some people experience only mild symptoms, while others face significant challenges. It is important to seek help and treatment to manage IBS and improve your quality of life.

Heredity of IBS

Several factors contribute to the development of IBS. Genetic predisposition may play a role, but other factors that influence the development of the syndrome include, for example, bowel function, the gut microbiota, the gut-brain axis, and psychosocial factors.

Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

According to Männikko and Antikainen, there is no cure for irritable bowel syndrome. The symptoms can be alleviated through lifestyle choices such as diet, exercise and stress management, as well as adequate recovery and sleep.

The foundation of nutritional management for IBS is a regular meal schedule, eating without rushing, and adequate intake of fiber and fluids. A regular daily routine and sufficient sleep can also help manage symptoms.

The aim of nutritional therapy is to reduce and alleviate symptoms and thus improve quality of life. It also ensures that the diet remains nutritionally adequate and easy to follow.

The FODMAP Diet

Limiting foods high in FODMAP carbohydrates can help relieve IBS symptoms. However, it is not usually necessary to avoid all FODMAP foods. The goal of the diet is to identify, on an individual basis, which foods trigger symptoms and to gradually reintroduce well-tolerated foods back into the diet. If you need to make significant dietary restrictions, it’s best to do so under the guidance of a registered dietitian.

The stricter restriction phase of the FODMAP diet is usually temporary. Afterward, foods are gradually reintroduced into the diet in order to find a diet that is as varied as possible and tailored to the individual.

Gluten-free diet and IBS

Some people with IBS find that their symptoms improve on a gluten-free diet. However, it is not clear whether this improvement is due to avoiding gluten or, for example, to a reduction in the amount of FODMAP carbohydrates found in wheat, rye, and barley.

You should not start a gluten-free diet before undergoing any necessary tests for celiac disease, as avoiding gluten can make it difficult to diagnose celiac disease reliably.

For more information on IBS, see the following sources:

Other related articles: